{"id":124,"date":"2022-02-14T09:55:16","date_gmt":"2022-02-13T21:54:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/chenopodium-quinoa-2\/"},"modified":"2022-02-19T14:21:42","modified_gmt":"2022-02-19T13:21:42","slug":"artemisia-annua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/artemisia-annua\/","title":{"rendered":"Artemisia annua"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":128,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,4,20],"tags":[16],"class_list":["post-124","post","type-post","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all","category-asteraceae","category-dicotyledons","tag-asteraceae"],"grid":"{\r\n \"colCount\": 14,\r\n \"colGutter\": 1,\r\n \"rowGutters\": [\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3,\r\n 3\r\n ],\r\n \"frameMargin\": 5,\r\n \"leftFrameMargin\": 5,\r\n \"rightFrameMargin\": 5,\r\n \"topFrameMargin\": 100,\r\n \"bottomFrameMargin\": 5,\r\n \"rowAttrs\": [\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {},\r\n {}\r\n ],\r\n \"bgColor\": null,\r\n \"cont\": [\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"text\",\r\n \"cont\": \"

ASTERACEAE<\/p>

ARTEMISIA ANNUA<\/p>

a promising medicinal plant species also acting against Covid-19<\/p>\",\r\n \"align\": \"top\",\r\n \"row\": 0,\r\n \"col\": 0,\r\n \"colspan\": 11,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 6,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 0,\r\n \"relid\": 4,\r\n \"frameOverflow\": \"\"\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"img\",\r\n \"cont\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/flower_3.svg\",\r\n \"align\": \"bottom\",\r\n \"row\": 0,\r\n \"col\": 12,\r\n \"colspan\": 2,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 1,\r\n \"relid\": 207,\r\n \"attid\": 227,\r\n \"sizes\": {\r\n \"full\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/flower_3.svg\"\r\n },\r\n \"w\": 1280,\r\n \"h\": 1280,\r\n \"ar\": 1,\r\n \"alt\": \"\",\r\n \"lightboxoff\": true,\r\n \"classes\": \"project-icon\"\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"hr\",\r\n \"cont\": \"\",\r\n \"align\": \"middle\",\r\n \"row\": 1,\r\n \"col\": 0,\r\n \"colspan\": 14,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 0,\r\n \"relid\": 8,\r\n \"frameOverflow\": \"\"\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"text\",\r\n \"cont\": \"

Classification<\/strong><\/h1>

Artemisia annua <\/em>L., <\/em>Sweet Wormwood, belongs to the family Asteraceae, subfamily Asteroideae.<\/p>\",\r\n \"align\": \"middle\",\r\n \"row\": 2,\r\n \"col\": 7,\r\n \"colspan\": 7,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 7,\r\n \"relid\": 107,\r\n \"frameOverflow\": \"\"\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"hr\",\r\n \"cont\": \"\",\r\n \"align\": \"middle\",\r\n \"row\": 3,\r\n \"col\": 0,\r\n \"colspan\": 14,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 0,\r\n \"relid\": 9\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"text\",\r\n \"cont\": \"

Structure<\/b><\/h1>

It is an annual, short-day species and grows up to 50 to 100 cm height, in cultivation up to 200 cm. The life cycle varies between 190 to 240 days from germination to matured seeds. The valuable artemisinin is found in trichomes of leaves, stems and inflorescences.<\/p>\",\r\n \"align\": \"top\",\r\n \"row\": 4,\r\n \"col\": 7,\r\n \"colspan\": 7,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 7,\r\n \"relid\": 5,\r\n \"frameOverflow\": \"\"\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"hr\",\r\n \"cont\": \"\",\r\n \"align\": \"middle\",\r\n \"row\": 5,\r\n \"col\": 0,\r\n \"colspan\": 14,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 0,\r\n \"relid\": 10\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"img\",\r\n \"cont\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_distribution.jpg\",\r\n \"align\": \"top\",\r\n \"row\": 6,\r\n \"col\": 0,\r\n \"colspan\": 5,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 0,\r\n \"relid\": 281,\r\n \"attid\": 125,\r\n \"sizes\": {\r\n \"full\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_distribution.jpg\",\r\n \"_768\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_distribution-768x407.jpg\",\r\n \"_512\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_distribution-512x271.jpg\",\r\n \"_265\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_distribution-265x140.jpg\"\r\n },\r\n \"w\": 993,\r\n \"h\": 526,\r\n \"ar\": 0.5297079556898288,\r\n \"alt\": \"\",\r\n \"caption\": \"

Fig: Distribution of Artemisia annua worldwide. Green: Native; purple: Introduced (Source: https:\/\/powo.science.kew.org\/taxon\/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:304416-2#source-KBD)<\/p>\"\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"text\",\r\n \"cont\": \"

Spatial distribution<\/b><\/h1>

The species is native in the temperate parts of many Asian countries, such as China but now spread to many parts of world with all characteristics of a neophyte in many countries.<\/p>\",\r\n \"align\": \"top\",\r\n \"row\": 6,\r\n \"col\": 7,\r\n \"colspan\": 7,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 2,\r\n \"relid\": 191,\r\n \"frameOverflow\": \"\"\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"hr\",\r\n \"cont\": \"\",\r\n \"align\": \"middle\",\r\n \"row\": 7,\r\n \"col\": 0,\r\n \"colspan\": 14,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 0,\r\n \"relid\": 11\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"text\",\r\n \"cont\": \"

Cultivation<\/b><\/h1>

In many parts of the world the species is cultivated for medicinal purposes since many decades due its high artemisinin contents. New cultivars contain up to 2% artemisinin.<\/p>\",\r\n \"align\": \"top\",\r\n \"row\": 8,\r\n \"col\": 7,\r\n \"colspan\": 7,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 7,\r\n \"relid\": 6\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"hr\",\r\n \"cont\": \"\",\r\n \"align\": \"middle\",\r\n \"row\": 9,\r\n \"col\": 0,\r\n \"colspan\": 14,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 0,\r\n \"relid\": 12\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"img\",\r\n \"cont\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_annua.jpeg\",\r\n \"align\": \"middle\",\r\n \"row\": 10,\r\n \"col\": 0,\r\n \"colspan\": 3,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 0,\r\n \"relid\": 399,\r\n \"attid\": 127,\r\n \"sizes\": {\r\n \"full\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_annua.jpeg\",\r\n \"_1024\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_annua-1024x1365.jpeg\",\r\n \"_768\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_annua-768x1024.jpeg\",\r\n \"_512\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_annua-512x683.jpeg\",\r\n \"_265\": \"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Artemisia_annua-265x353.jpeg\"\r\n },\r\n \"w\": 1200,\r\n \"h\": 1600,\r\n \"ar\": 1.3333333333333333,\r\n \"alt\": \"\",\r\n \"caption\": \"

https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:
<Artemisia_annua.jpeg#\/media\/Datei:Artemisia_annua.jpeg<\/p>\"\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"text\",\r\n \"cont\": \"

Nutritional and\/or medicinal value<\/b><\/h1>

Species of the genus Artemisia are rich in secondary plant compounds: tannins, bitter substances, cinol, camphor, thujone, linalool, artemisinin. They also contain carotenoids, coumarins, flavonoids, vitamins. Their fragrance is strongly aromatic.
Artemisinin is effective against malaria and still belongs to the standard malaria therapy today. Artemisinin decomposes in the presence of iron (in erythrocytes and plasmodia) to form free radicals that kill parasites. Is it regarded as a door opener for metabolic engineering of natural substances from plants and is now also produced semi-synthetically.
The following further areas of application have been described or are being discussed and researched: general antiviral effect, general antifungal effect, general antibacterial effect, anticarcinogenic effect, drug against Covid-19.<\/p>\",\r\n \"align\": \"top\",\r\n \"row\": 10,\r\n \"col\": 7,\r\n \"colspan\": 7,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 4,\r\n \"relid\": 7\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"hr\",\r\n \"cont\": \"\",\r\n \"align\": \"middle\",\r\n \"row\": 11,\r\n \"col\": 0,\r\n \"colspan\": 14,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 0,\r\n \"relid\": 14\r\n },\r\n {\r\n \"type\": \"text\",\r\n \"cont\": \"

Special features<\/h1>

As it is considered an important medicinal plant the Nobel Prize for Medicine was awarded in 2015 for the discovery of the active ingredient artemisinin to the Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou.<\/p>\",\r\n \"align\": \"middle\",\r\n \"row\": 12,\r\n \"col\": 7,\r\n \"colspan\": 7,\r\n \"offsetx\": 0,\r\n \"offsety\": 0,\r\n \"spaceabove\": 0,\r\n \"spacebelow\": 0,\r\n \"yvel\": 1,\r\n \"push\": 7,\r\n \"relid\": 13\r\n }\r\n ]\r\n}","phonegrid":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/global-textbook-of-botany.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}